Bhoodan-Gramdan Movement
- It was a socio-political movement started by Vinoba Bhave in 1951 in India.
- It aimed to persuade wealthy landowners to donate some land to landless peasants.
- Vinoba Bhave was a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi who chose him as the first individual Satyagrahi
- The movement gained momentum when Bhave walked from village to village, requesting landowners to donate their land.
- The next phase of the Bhoodan movement was the Gramdan Movement or the village gift movement.
- The Gramdan movement urged villagers to donate their land to a village council, which would then manage and distribute the land to the villagers.
Swadeshi Movement
- In August 1905, at Calcutta Townhall, a massive meeting was held and the formal proclamation of the Swadeshi Movement was made after the proclamation of Bengal Partition.
- The message was propagated to boycott goods such as Manchester cloth and Liverpool salt.
- It led to the revival of domestic cottage industries and handicrafts
- The production of indigenous textiles, soaps, matches and other daily-use items received a boost.
- Although the movement was confined to Bengal, it spread to a few different parts of India.
- They are Poona and Bombay (under Bal Gangadhar Tilak), Punjab (under Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh), Delhi (under Syed Haider Raza) and Madras (under Chidambaram Pillai).